Focus. Tactical Games Focuses On Students Understanding

Focus Tactical Games focuses on students understanding of game strategies. Each game type has certain strategies that can be taught in a way that changes from game to game. Students learn how to do a skill only after they understand the detailed strategy surrounding the actual skill. It is the physical education instructor’s responsibility to give students an overall description of the given task including athletic forms/stance’s, extensions, and activity goals. Researchers found teachers prefer the tactical games model because students are motivated when participating in the strenuous activity’s. Tactical game participants improve significantly in skill development, declarative knowledge, and game performance compared to the†¦show more content†¦Up Over: â€Å"Up Over† is a tactical game that consist of students in lines of two or three using a (cognitive and psychomotor) physical and mental approach to get hula hoop from the front of the li ne, to the back of the line. Each participant in the line will hold one another’s hands (Person to the left of you in line holds one hand while person to the right of you in line holds the other) interlocking fingers so the hoop will not detach itself from the line. Without letting to hula hoop touch the floor, students will try to get the hoop from the front of the line, to the back of the line while the instructor allows students to work independently in groups where students will strategies and work together to complete the task/activity. Extension The instructor is also able to create and add extensions for these activities. For â€Å"Cross the River†, the instructor can add a rule extension. The new rule is after every student has crossed the gym floor, each student from each team must do five pushups, one by one, until every student has completed the task. For â€Å"Up Over†. The instructor may add a rule extension. The new rule is every student must move from the back of the line to the front of the line one time also trying to move from one side of the gym to the other side of the gym while getting the hoop through the line. (base line, tooShow MoreRelatedTeaching A Sporting Session : The Australian National Football League1546 Words   |  7 Pagesalthough there is more to it. There are three main learning approaches that are somewhat similar but are often confused when teaching a sporting session. It is important to have a better understanding of these learning methods which are technical, tactical and organisational but are most commonly known as Traditional, Game Sense and Sport Education. Before we begin to participate in skill acquisition, sport or physical activity. Motor behaviour consist of three closely related disciplines; motor controlRead MoreEnd Of Unit Assessment : Assessment1306 Words   |  6 PagesEnd of unit Assessment Last, the students will be given a post unit multiple choice short answer assessment. This assessment will start with knowledge questions where the students answer basic questions pertaining to definitions of key elements used in the unit. Then slowly progress throughout the assessment to Synthesis level questions. These synthesis questions contain charts where the students would create offensive or defensive plays to counter the opposing team. The questions will be appropriateRead MoreEvaluation Of An Athlete s Performance ( Serra Olivares )1498 Words   |  6 Pages Learning a new skill is difficult and it is up to the instructor of the skill to cater to the learners. Today’s physical education classes focus on mini-games in order to enhance students’ game performances. This tactic to skill approach allows players’ games to develop through a series of modified games and training regimes. This is known as nonlinear pedagogy, which the manipulation of task constraints including equipment and rules. Nonlinear pedagogy is part of the ecological dynamic approachRead MoreDifferent Requirements For Sports Coaches847 Words   |  4 Pagesthis notion by identifying that deliberate play aims to maximise enjoyment and creativity, which is relevant to the sampling years aims of increasing participation and sport experimentation. In contrast early specialisation requires a more specific focus on deliberate practice (Cote Fraser-Thomas, 2007). Cote and Fraser-Thomas, (2007) state that is due to early speacilsation focusing on performance, rather then participation and enjoyment. Therefore, results have a great level of importance placedRead Moreyr 7 unit pla for basketball2204 Words   |  9 Pageshow teachers can educate students to acquire new skills in basketball and various ways to assess development and adaptation (by students) to the sport. Basketball is a diverse sport, played across the globe, that captures a variety of skills, which p articipants try to attain. The main skills used in basketball are dribbling, shooting, passing, and defending, but many other developmental skills (which come under the umbrella of the main skills) can be acquired. By understanding the main skills neededRead MoreEvaluation and Feedback of my Volleyball Skills1501 Words   |  7 Pagesskill and improve it. In this essay I will evaluate my volleyball ability and the feedback techniques that were displayed by my physical education teacher. Throughout the unit I made a four week journal to record the type of practice, feedback from game play and training. To evaluate my skill level in volleyball I examined what is the nature of a skill, how skills are developed and how they are effected as well as the importance of feedback. According to Will Smith (2013:1) â€Å"The separation of talentRead MoreAn Assessment Instrument Is Aimed At Stage 21940 Words   |  8 Pagesoutcomes: problem-solving strategies (PSS2.5), games and sports (GSS2.8) and growth and development (GDS2.9). Through self-evaluation, students reflect on their understanding and learning. Teachers are able to provide appropriate feed back to student’s responses and also consider their teaching strategies in response to the student’s comments and opinions. At the minimum, students should be expected to listen, understand and follow the rules of a game, willing to participate and have some experienceRead MoreMarketing Management 14th Ed Kotler Test Bank Chapter 27850 Words   |  32 Pagescompetition E) communicate similar value as provided by competitors Answer: C Page Ref: 33 Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy 2) What is the traditional view of marketing? A) Firms should just focus on production because if the products are good then they will automatically sell. B) Firms should just focus on production and selling because marketing occurs as a part of the selling process. C) Firms should have a proper marketing team that can increase consumers awareness of their products and rouseRead MoreArctic Mining Consultants -Team Paper6076 Words   |  25 Pagesrelates to there manager or leader. The relationship that the two share whether its good or bad and how it effects the labor of the employee. The environment that the organization operates in and how the employees adapt to it. Good leaders should focus on motivating their employees. High performance climate is measured by a employee doing what ever it takes to achieve there goals in the organization. Low performance climate is measured when employees are not achieving there goals and not always completingRead MoreUnique Experiences and Perspectives Which Contribute to the Program3738 Words   |  15 Pagesachieve my goals, I cannot be quiet and reserved but rather outgoing and assertive. What I bring to the table at my current job and what I would bring to Schulich is a multi-cultural mindset from a female perspective. In the world of marketing, the focus is always on selling to your target market. As someone who can relate to numerous target markets, I can offer numerous perspectives as opposed to my counterparts elsewhere. The strengths I’ve taken from all aspects of my background – from being Chinese

School Uniforms Should Be Mandatory - 928 Words

School Uniforms should be required in school to help eliminate the amount of bulling, help increase unity, and lower the cost. In fact â€Å"many schools have adopted school uniform policies as a solution to these problems(Forster 2). During the time I was in school I always thought uniforms would be terrible. I thought I will not be able to express my style, and the day would just be boring. Now that I have graduated I believe uniforms would be a great thing to have, and be enforced in schools. When we walk into schools today we look around and think, what are they wearing, or how are they able to get away with something that shows so much skin. Students in todays world have no self respect. Also there are students who are not as fortunate as others. If uniforms were enforced in all schools bullying would be cut back a lot. Students would not be picked on because their cloths are not in style. Like the article says â€Å" Some schools, most of which are located in low-income neigh borhoods, have sought to improve discipline through dress-code policy or the adoption of school uniforms†(Happel). Also if there is a lot of gangs in that county students would not be able to identify who is in what gang. School shooting have became more of a issue within the past year. Uniforms would help students and staff be able to pick out intruders in the school. Being able to pick out intruders would help decrease the amount of violence going on. Unity is not something we see going on much inShow MoreRelatedMandatory School Uniforms Should Be Mandatory849 Words   |  4 PagesMandatory School Uniforms â€Å"Give me liberty or give me death!’’ The infamous words of Patrick Henry are the first to come to mind when one contemplates the fiery debate of whether uniforms should be mandated in schools. According to the New World Encyclopedia 2010, â€Å"freedom of speech is the right to communicate one’s opinion and ideas without the fear of government retaliation or censorship.† Thus, the main argument against mandatory uniforms in schools is that they equate to government censorshipRead MoreShould School Uniforms Be Mandatory?1280 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout my time in school I was consistently filled with anxiety over looking my best, and I am sure many other people (girls especially) felt this from middle school through high school. The solution is uniforms! In schools where uniforms are not mandatory, the stress of â€Å"keeping up with the Jones† can create a lot of differences and struggles for students. Having mandatory uniforms in schoo ls would create a safer and more welcoming environment for students, limit their stress, and lets themRead MoreSchool Uniforms Should Not Be Mandatory847 Words   |  4 PagesSchool systems have debated for years if they should make school uniforms mandatory for all students. Some parents do not want school systems to mandate uniforms due to pressure from their children to be able to maintain their individuality through clothing, while other parents prefer uniforms to reduce spending money on name brand school clothes and to minimize associations with gangs. More school systems across the United States of America are going to uniforms from grades one through twelve whereRead MoreShould School Uniforms Be Mandatory?918 Words   |  4 PagesShould schools have the right to make uniforms mandatory for their students? Some people don’t think so and they argue against the civil liberties that such a mandate would violate. While the opposing opposition thinks that school uniforms belong in the school system, in order to help reduce some of the issues students may face because of their clothes. Although school uniforms for students may have many negative effects, school uniforms may help with reducing the amount of distractions, thereforeRead MoreShould School Uniforms Be Mandatory?1561 Words   |  7 PagesSecondary Schools should be Required to Wear Uniforms No matter what you dress students in, they will always find a way to pass judgement upon their peers, but it how to get children to realize it’s whats on the inside that matters not the outside. Yes, I believe it starts with the parents, but also it’s schools that need to teach the children as well. It s not based upon the style of clothes worn there are many other superficial ways to judge people and form cliques. School uniforms are one stepRead MoreShould School Uniforms Be Mandatory?1381 Words   |  6 PagesStudents in Secondary Schools should be Required to Wear Uniforms No matter what you dress students in, they will always find a way to pass judgement upon their peers. If it s not based upon the style of clothes worn there are many other superficial ways to judge people and form cliques. School uniforms are one step that may help break the cycle of violence, truancy and disorder by helping young students understand what really counts is what kind of people they are, Clinton said (Bowen). ProponentsRead MoreShould School Uniforms be Mandatory? Essay1090 Words   |  5 Pagesopinion of whether schools should require students to wear uniforms. Some schools go through the same argument annually of whether to enforce school uniforms the following school year. A number of people argue that uniforms take away from the students’ individuality, while other people concur that uniforms generate unity within the school. Even though many people disagree with school uniforms, countless reasons are evident that uniforms should be mandatory. School uniforms provide schools with many positiveRead MoreWhy School Uniforms Should Be Mandatory886 Words   |  4 PagesFocus on Education Insanity, doing the same thing over and over again, and expecting a different result. Evenings spent laying out school clothes for grandchildren quickly teaches us just how insane the current expectations for school dress can be each day. Individuals will face this problem on a daily basis, which can lead to a stressful task. Mandatory school uniforms can benefit each family member in numinous ways. Lifting financial burdens for parents and the constant peer comparison for childrenRead MoreWhy School Uniforms Should Be Mandatory952 Words   |  4 PagesInsanity, doing the same thing over and over again, and expecting a different result. Evenings spent laying out school clothes for grandchildren quickly teaches us just how insane the current expectations for school dress can be each day. Individuals will face this problem on a daily basis, which can lead to a stressful task. Mandatory school uniforms can benefit each family member in numinous ways. Lifting financial burdens for parents and the constant peer comparison for children. It alsoRead MoreWhy School Uniforms Should Be Mandatory871 Words   |  4 Pageslaying out school clothes for grandchildren quickly teaches just how insane the current expectations for school dress can be each day. Individuals face this problem on a daily basis, which can be a stressful task. Mandatory school uniforms can benefit each family member in numinous ways. Financial burdens for parents and constant peer comparison for children. It also allows students of differing backgrounds to be brought together to express themselves equally. One can clearly see that school uniforms

World Trade Center Essay Example For Students

World Trade Center Essay With the beginning of a seemingly endless war on terrorism, and a shaky United States economy, now hardly seems the time to examine our general policy towards all other nations, and developing nations in particular. The wreckage of the World Trade Center is still smoldering, and our troops are marching on Kabul as I write. Nationalism is at a height only previously experienced during the World Wars. Every other car you see on the highway has Old Glory proudly flying in their window or on their antenna, some right next to their Rebel Flag. On the surface it appears the United States has pulled together for one more righteous cause, and evil, or those that oppose the US as they are commonly called, will surely fall. We wont stand for innocent attacks on civilians, and those Afghanis and Osama bin Laden had better hide. If you dont believe this, not only are you un-American, but you must be a terrorist yourself. Quietly, however, the argument is being made among scholars and free thinke rs in the United States that perhaps we are not the innocent victims we portray ourselves to be in the September 11, 2001 destruction of the World Trade Center. Some forward thinking minds even predicted a tragedy somewhat like this, but not on such a large scale. Unenlightened people ask why something like this could or would occur. What would make such a poor and unstable country like Afghanistan decide to stand up to the almighty United States? The answer is not an easy one, and requires a large adjustment in what we expect in foreign relations, and how we see and treat the rest of the world as a whole. The United States is one of the last remaining super powers of the world, and we have the obligation to maintain and support good relations with the smaller and weaker nations throughout the world. We should take full advantage of this relationship in several different ways, all without exploiting our own power. First the U.S. must focus on investing and trading with those nations who have yet to become economic powers. Second, we must implement a consistent foreign policy towards the Middle Eastern nations, and all third world nations in general. Third, the United States needs to respect the attempts and results of the democratization and religious revivals in the Middle East and Latin America, while taking a passive role in letting the Western type of democracy take its course. Fourth, the U.S. must ease and downplay its conflict with those civilizations that dislike the Western people and their way of life. Obviously, foreign investment is necessary for the future of developing other nations as well as our own. There must be an emphasis on foreign investment and trade, otherwise the third world nations will continue to fall behind economically, technologically, and domestically, which could lead to an economic downfall for the U.S. as well. The question then arises as to what the United States must do in order to have large trade agreements with other cou ntries other than Japan and Mexico. In order for the U.S. to play a more active role in the economic and political development of many of these developing nations, it must first accept a different philosophy than its current one. First, it is imperative for the United States to play a similar role in Latin America to the one Japan has played with many of the developing nations in East Asia. The U.S. neighbors Latin America, and if it wants to play the role of big brother, it must accept the responsibility. Japan has invested, traded, and been a guide for many of its neighboring countries in East Asia, making them grow politically and economically while also profiting economically itself (Japan Remains 1996). The U.S. must realize that the economies of Latin American Nations will play an important part in the future of our own economy, and that it must begin to lead, invest, and aid not just Mexico, but countries such as Peru, Argentina, Bolivia, and Columbia into the twenty first ce ntury. The mainstay in American foreign policy has always been to promote and instill democracy. However, in order to do this in a foreign nation, the U.S. must be able to first establish a viable economic relationship and system within the desired nations. We should not expect or want a nation to switch from a total authoritarian government to a market economy; doing so would be a disaster. The United States rests too much on its ideological beliefs, when there is no need to do so. Foreign countries seek our capital and trade routes, not our morals and culture. We, unfortunately, do not feel this is the case. The US has traditionally required all or nothing, in regards to demands on prospective trade partners, and political allies. The United States stance towards Cuba is a notable example of this philosophy. Instead, the U.S. has to be willing to allow developing nations to invest in U.S. markets before we invest in theirs, regardless of ideology. In return, a viable export / impo rt system will be established. But it is essential that the economy of the developing nation be monitored and run by its own government, and the United States should only be there for advising purposes. When a reasonable system has finally been achieved, then a more American, laissez faire type of economic network will be allowed to grow. If the greatest challenge the United States faces are implementing a foreign policy that is consistent throughout the Middle East, weve done nothing but shoot ourselves in he foot so far. Islamic nations arent likely to be responsive to ideas such as human rights, and democracy. These nations will never be responsive to western ideas when the United States continues to levy sanctions against them. The U.S. is lucky that it has an ally in Saudi Arabia and Israel, allowing them to implement many of these foreign policy agendas against the other Middle Eastern countries, without having to face serious economic consequences in the oil and gas industry . Oddly enough though, Saudi Arabia is probably as much against western ideologies as any nation in the Middle East. Women do not have equal rights, torture is frequent, there is no separation between church and state, and Saudi Arabia is extremely far from developing any sort of democracy (Miller 58). Now, when the U.S. promotes democracy and human rights, why does it support one country and condemn the next? Throughout the Cold War, American foreign policy would give aid to any nation who opposes communism. So during that time the U.S. developed a youre either with us or against us type of policy, non- alignment. With this policy, many of the Middle Eastern countries became so called enemies with the U.S., which has led to unrest and hatred of western democracies. In this time of global economics, the United States cannot pick and choose which countries to invest in. In order for the U.S. to defeat the challenges it faces in the Middle East, it must start by supporting the entire Middle East. Israel and Saudi Arabia may be the most attractive offers, but Syria and even Iran have vast resources that will be very valuable to our economy in the future.Of course we cannot forget about our dear friends off the coast of Miami, Cuba. What edge does a country like China hold over Cuba besides size? Nothing besides a larger source of cheap labor. Our current stance on Cuba was correct in 1962. Castro was indeed a communist, but only after the US, who he turned to first, refused to help him. In 2001, however, it seems apparent that Castro has metamorphisized into something else. Castro has done an almost complete 180 in his political philosophy, and some would argue that Cuba is almost a democracy already. If we lifted our ineffective embargoes and opened the trade lines in Cuba, I see no reason why Castro would not open his society even more. Americans are missing out on a chance to change Cuba, both financially and politically. We have the chance to rebuild an entir e economy from the ground up, and all we have to do is invest in it. These opportunities are not hypothetical either, but real apparent to other countries like Canada and the Europeans. Everyone else in the world knows this already because they have made the necessary attitude adjustments and are in there rolling up their sleeves and getting their hands dirty. Castro knows that he cant do this task of changing his entire structure himself, and its only a matter of time before he finds someone to help that will most likely not be favorable to the US. It happened before when the US denied him and he turned to the USSR, there is no reason why we should let it happen again. As the supposed leader of the free world we should know better. All the US does is preach about the importance of stability and free market systems, and the need for democracy. With an example like we are setting, why should anyone follow? Why should we do everything in our power to ensure neither survives in Cuba? I ts time and has been for a long time to swallow our pride and admit we were wrong. The rest of the free world already knows it. They sit in their Cuban financed offices, smoking big fat Cuban cigars laughing at our arrogance and us. (Smith)Next, the United States must respond to the problems of democratization and religious revival in the Middle East and Latin America. In the Middle East, there seems to be the notion that attempts at democratization would lead to the downfall of minority rights. As Judith Miller pointed out, The promotion of free elections immediately is likely to lead to the triumph of Islamic groups that have no commitment to democracy in any recognizable or meaningful form (Miller 59). What the United States must do is establish a representational or parliamentary process that recognizes all forms of political action. Simply promoting free elections would lead to a backlash in democratization efforts. The fear is in the idea of one group outlawing another. A demo cracy might be based on majoritarian rule; but all groups, whether they are Islamic fundamentalist or even Christian, must be able to participate in the political process. Similarly, the United States must show complete support for the democratic process in Latin America. When Salvador Allende was elected President of Chile, the West feared the thought of a complete Marxist government (Rosenberg 28). Not only did we try to kidnap his main general and fail miserably when we actually killed him, we set forth to overthrow a legitimately elected official and went against everything we have preached over the last 150 years about respecting democracy and working within a system. What needs to be respected is not the political ideology of one group or country, but rather its democratic process. Because democracy neither forms countries nor strengthens them initially, a multiparty system is best suited to nations that already have an established bureaucracy and a middle class which pays inc ome tax, and where the main issues of property and power-sharing have been resolved. Leaving two politicians or parties to argue about the budgets, and letting the tax payers decide who should come to power. (Kaplan E9)A problem then arises as to the issue of Islamic and Christian revivalism, because as countries become poorer and poorer, religion plays an ever-increasing role in citizens lives as they search for any glimmer of hope to believe in. Occasionally an extremist group like the Taliban will gain power with ease. History 12 EssayHuntington, Samuel. The Clash of Civilizations: The West Versus the Rest. Foreign Affairs Vol.72 (1993). No.3: 39-41. Japan Remains Pacifics Largest Trading Partner. Sunday Star (1996): Star Publications, (Maylasia) Berhad. (Transmitted From Netscape). Kaplan, Robert. Democracys Trap. New York Times 24 Dec. 1995: E9Kennedy, Paul. Winners and Losers in the Developing World: Preparing the Twenty First Century. New York: Random House, 1993. Miller, Judith. The Challenge of Radical Islam. The Other World: Culture and Politics in the Third World (1993) 57-58. Rosenberg, Tina. Beyond Election. The Other World: Culture and Politics in the Third World (1993) 28. Savona, Dave. Choosing a Nerve Center Overseas. Foreign Trade Nov. 1995: 11-22, 50. Smith, Wayne S. Cubas Long Reform. Foreign Affairs. Vol 75 (1996) No. 2: 99-112

The Effects of the American Correctional Policy

Evidence-Based Correction: Definition and Significance Before going any further, it is necessary to introduce the phenomenon of evidence-based correction. Evidence-based correction is defined as a system in which â€Å"data, not mere opinions [†¦] play the central role in guiding allegiance to any given correctional theory† (MacKenzie, 2012, p. 1).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Effects of the American Correctional Policy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In a nutshell, the phenomenon of evidence-based correction can be nailed down as the legal system in which evidence plays the pivoting role in not only determining the amount of punishment, but also checking whether the criminal is paying his/her debt to the society. Opposed to the traditional system of penalties, the given system presupposes certain element of redemption at best and paying the debt to society at the very least: â€Å"the treatm ent of criminals by society is for the protection of society† (Wines, 1871, p. 541). The significance of evidence-based correction appears to be quite high. The idea that the effects of traditional strategies and everyday correction procedures can be enhanced and increased several times is truly astounding; however, with the help of evidence-based corrections, the given effect is attainable. Since social scientific techniques are utilized in the course of an evidence-based correction in order to study and improve correction procedures, considerable improvement of correctional methodology can be expected, which means that the quality and efficacy of the procedures will increase in geometrical progression. The fact that the available resources are utilized fully in the process is also important. Because of the fast pace of correctional procedures, in most cases, the potential of most of the resources remains unlocked.Advertising Looking for essay on criminal law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More With the application of evidence-based corrections, however, one will be able to use the existing resources fully, wherein the significance of evidence-based correction lies. In addition, the given approach helps define further avenues of addressing the problem in question. Justice Model for Correction: The Time Personal Change Has Come A justice model for correction is a specific method that is aimed at turning the criminal into a regular member of society. Though often being referred to as a wholesome concept, a justice model is represented by its numerous modifications. First, there is the rehabilitation model, which presupposes that each criminal is supposed to undergo a process of personal change and is only viable in case the crime was committed under specific circumstances, and in no case involved the freedom of choice between the right and the wrong action: When the rights given to criminals are seen a s a major obstacle in the state’s quest to guard the lives and material possessions of the public, conservatives have maintained a more fundamental reason as to why [†¦] criminals should be rehabilitated and not punished. (Cullen, Gilbert, 1982, pp. 95–96) The efficacy of the given model can be argued. Although the tradition of persuading people to lead the lives of law-abiding citizens did appear to be efficient at the time that it was used, keeping people away from crossing the law by appealing to their fear cannot be considered the best way to convince them to follow the letter of the law, even though the â€Å"links between sanction risk perceptions and behavior† (Nagin, 1998, p. 5) are obvious. On the one hand, the model brought quite fruitful results; on the other hand, â€Å"prisons do increase recidivism† (Gendreau, Goggin, 2000, p. 308).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Effects of the American Correctional Policy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, it can be assumed that prisons have a certain deterrent effect, yet recycling this effect to shape people’s behavior and reduce crime rates seems unreasonable. Empirical Evidence of Deterrent Theory: Proving the Point In contrast to the rehabilitation theory, the theory of deterrence is based solely on people’s fear of getting punished. A similar approach was used by colonists in the XVIII century: â€Å"For those who failed to be discouraged by corporal punishment, the colonists displayed no reluctance to resort to surer means to deal with these sinful creatures [†¦]† (Cullen Gilbert, 1982, p. 47). An alternative to the rehabilitation method, it should also be given a proper mentioning as rather efficient method, which has quite short shelf life, though. As it has been stressed above, the idea of punishment following a crime serves as a powerful mans to keep peopl e away from wrongdoing. The way in which deterrence theory works, though, raises a few questions, To start with, the mechanisms of the given method are quite obscure; it is hard to figure out whether people are afraid of the imprisonment following the crime Incapacitation Effects of Prison: The Circle Has Closed As it has been stressed, ideally, justice system must be based on the legal principles that allow for not only punishing a criminal, but also helping the latter mend his ways. However, prisons do not always work this way. Such â€Å"correctional quackery† (Latessa, Cullen, Gendreau, 2002, p. 43) is, unfortunately, not rare. The given method, however, is justified by the rational choice theory, with its â€Å"cost oriented† (Cullen, Pratt, Miceli, Moon, 2002, p. 285) approach.Advertising Looking for essay on criminal law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to the results of the researchconducted by Petersilia and Turner, the experiment carried out by the RAND Corporation, which tested the efficacy of ISPs, or Intensive Surveillance Programs, returned rather unexpected results. Tested in 14 jurisdictions in nine states (Petersilia Turner, 1993, p. 281). Despite the fact that several types of programs were used in the course of the experiment, such as â€Å"prison diversion† and â€Å"enhancement programs† (Petersilia Turner, 1993, p. 281), Petersilia and Turner prefer an umbrella term of ISP in their study. Objectivity is the key asset of the latter; the researchers clearly intend to provide an unbiased result and comment on the efficacy of ISP. However, the study seems to lack evidence on the effects of ISP on not only felons, but also minor offenders. It is doubtful that intensive probation and parole may work equally well on a felon and a petty criminal. It should be mentioned, though, that ISP studies date back to the 1960s, when ISP was created as a probation management tool. Therefore, the emphasis was put on the rehabilitation of the convicted, whereas the safety of civilians and punishment were considered secondary goals. However, similar or unimpressively lower rates of arrest rates among the criminals who were supervised in accordance with the ISP principles (Petersilia Turner, 1993) led to the decrease in the ISP significance and use. Get in Touch Movement and Its Efficacy: Evaluation With that being said, the principles of the Get in Touch Movement are still very questionable. Although it is obvious that, when being afraid of the consequences, people are inclined to abide the law and are most likely not dare to cross it, basing the entire idea of following the letter of the law on people’s fear of imprisonment or another type of punishment is ethically wrong, since the given strategy is aimed at changing people’s behavior without changing the factors that induc e the given behavioral patterns. As long as people are controlled by fear and not by the ethical principles, they will always find the way to overcome this fear and find the means to avoid the obstacles set by the legal system. With what Cullen, Wright, and Applegate defined as â€Å"intermediate punishment† (Cullen, Wright, Applegate, 1996, p. 73), the entire justice system can be reinvented. Therefore, a â€Å"new intellectual consensus† (DiJulio, Piehl, 1991, p. 15), is required. References Cullen, F. T., Gilbert, K. E. (1982). The rise of rehabilitation. In Cullen, F. T., Gilbert, K. E. (Eds.), Reaffirming rehabilitation (pp. 45–88). Cincinnati, OH: Anderson Publishing. Cullen, F. T., Gilbert, K. E. (1982). Attacking rehabilitation. In Cullen, F. T., Gilbert, K. E. (Eds.), Reaffirming rehabilitation (pp. 89–149). Cincinnati, OH: Anderson Publishing. Cullen, F. T., Pratt, T. C., Miceli, S. L., Moon, M. M. (2002). Dangerous liason? Rational choic e theory as the basis for correctional intervention. In Piquero, A. R.., Tibbets, S. G., Rational choice and criminal behavior: Recent research and future challenges (pp. 279–296). New York, NY: Routledge. Cullen, F. T., Wright, J. P., Applegate, B. K. (1996). Control in the community: The limits of reform? In Harland, A. T. (Ed.), Choosing correctional interventions that work: defining the demand and evaluating the supply (pp. 69–116). Newbury Park, CA: SAGE. DiJulio, J. J., Jr. Piehl, A. M. (1991). Does prison pay? The Brookings Review 9 (Fall), pp. 28-35. Gendreau, P. Goggin, C. (2000). The effects of community sanctions and incarceration on recidivism. Forum on Corrections research, 12(2), pp. 10–13. Latessa, E. J., Cullen, F. T. Gendreau, P. (2002). Beyond correctional quackery: Professionalism and the possibility of effective treatment. Federal Probation, 66, pp. 43-49. MacKenzie, D. L. (2012). From Theory to Policy: Evidence-Based Corrections. In Cul len, F. T. Jonson, C. L. (Eds.), Correctional theory: Context and consequences (pp. 1–22). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE. Nagin, D. S. (1998). Criminal deterrence research at the outset of the twenty-first century. In M. Tonry (Ed.), Crime and justice: A review of research (Vol. 23) (pp. 1–42). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Petersilia, J. Turner, S. (1993). Intensive probation and parole. In M. Tonry (ed.), Crime and justice: A review of research (vol. 17) (pp. 281-335). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. Wines, E. C. (1871) Declaration on principles adopted promulgated by the Congress. In Wines, E. C., Transactions of the National Congress on penitentiary and reformatory discipline (pp. 514–517). Cincinnati, OH: Weed, Parsons and Company. This essay on The Effects of the American Correctional Policy was written and submitted by user Yuliana O. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.